Question 1

The membranes of various organelles in the endomembrane display differences in their lipid and protein compositions. These differences are largely established by

Accepted Answer

A)   the transport and exchange of membrane lipids among organelles of the endomembrane system by small membrane vesicles.
B)   the function of the Golgi apparatus in modifying, sorting, and directing membrane components to their final destinations.
C)   the modification of membrane components once they reach their final destination.
D)   the synthesis of different lipids and proteins in each of the organelles of the endomembrane system.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

When disrupted cells are spun in a centrifuge at increasingly higher speeds, which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will pellet?

Accepted Answer

A)   ribosomes, nuclei, mitochondria
B)   chloroplasts, ribosomes, pieces of membrane
C)   nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts
D)   nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomesE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

What types of proteins are synthesized by the rough ER?

Accepted Answer

A)   ribosomal proteins
B)   soluble cytosolic proteins
C)   mitochondrial proteins
D)   lysosomal proteinsE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   rough ER
B)   smooth ER
C)   Golgi apparatus
D)   nuclear envelope
E)   lysosomesF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

A mutation that disrupts the ability of an animal cell to add polysaccharide modifications to proteins would most likely cause defects in its

Accepted Answer

A)   nuclear lamina
B)   nuclear lamina and extracellular matrix.
C)   smooth ER and Golgi apparatus.
D)   Golgi apparatus and extracellular matrix.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The cell walls of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells and the extracellular matrix of animal cells are all external to the plasma membrane. Which of the following is a characteristic common to all of these extracellular structures?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have pores that regulate the exchange of water and small molecules between cells and their environment.
B)   They are composed of complex mixtures of lipids and carbohydrates.
C)   They provide a rigid structure that prevents the uptake of excess water into cells.
D)   They are constructed of polymers that are synthesized in the cytoplasm and then transported out of the cell for assembly.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)   muscle cell
B)   nerve cell
C)   phagocytic white blood cell
D)   bacterial cellE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating very large, complex, undigested lipids. Which cellular organelle must be defective in this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   the endoplasmic reticulum
B)   the Golgi apparatus
C)   the lysosome
D)   mitochondrionE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

What is the primary reason that a modern transmission electron microscope (TEM)  can resolve biological images as small as 2 nm, whereas 200 nm is the limit of resolution for a light microscope?

Accepted Answer

A)   Diffraction of light by a light microscope distorts the image.
B)   Contrast is enhanced by staining with atoms of heavy metal.
C)   Electron beams have much shorter wavelengths than visible light.
D)   TEM is used to visualize very thin sections of cells.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

What technique would be most appropriate to use to observe the movements of condensed chromosomes during cell division?

Accepted Answer

A)   standard light microscopy
B)   super-resolution microscopy
C)   transmission electron microscopy
D)   scanning electron microscopyE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)   lipids
B)   glycogen
C)   proteins
D)   cellulose
E)   nucleic acidsF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

A biologist ground up some plant leaf cells and then centrifuged the mixture to fractionate the organelles. Organelles in one of the heavier fractions could produce ATP in the light, whereas organelles in the lighter fraction could produce ATP in the dark. The heavier and lighter fractions are most likely to contain, respectively,

Accepted Answer

A)   mitochondria and chloroplasts.
B)   chloroplasts and peroxisomes.
C)   peroxisomes and chloroplasts.
D)   chloroplasts and mitochondria.
E)   mitochondria and peroxisomes.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following may be found in eukaryotic cells, but not in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA
B)   flagella
C)   plasma membrane
D)   ribosomes
E)   endoplasmic reticulumF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Some key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotes from a prokaryotic ancestor are membrane-bound organelles. Which of the following organelles or features is likely to be a common component shared by both eukaryotic cells and their prokaryotic ancestors?

Accepted Answer

A)   ribosomes
B)   chloroplasts
C)   mitochondria
D)   nuclear envelopeE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in

Accepted Answer

A)   vacuoles.
B)   chloroplasts.
C)   mitochondria.
D)   lysosomes.
E)   nucleoli.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   lysosome
B)   vacuole
C)   mitochondrion
D)   Golgi apparatus
E)   peroxisomeF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria and Eukarya
B)   Bacteria and Protista
C)   Archaea and Protista
D)   Bacteria and ArchaeaE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

One advantage of light microscopy over transmission electron microscopy is that

Accepted Answer

A)   specimen preparation for light microcopy does not produce artifacts.
B)   light microscopy provides for higher resolving power than transmission electron microscopy.
C)   light microscopy provides for higher magnification than transmission electron microscopy.
D)   light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following will be found in nearly all eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   cell wall
B)   mitochondria
C)   chloroplast
D)   nucleoid
E)   capsuleF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

If plant cells are grown on media containing radioactively labeled thymine for one generation, where will radioactively labeled macromolecules be detected?

Accepted Answer

A)   only in the nucleus
B)   only in the nucleus and mitochondria
C)   only in the nucleus and chloroplasts
D)   in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplastsE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 4: A Tour of the Cell

What is the primary reason that a modern transmission electron microscope (TEM) can resolve biological images as small as 2 nm, whereas 200 nm is the limit of resolution for a light microscope?

Correct Answer
verified

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating very large, complex, undigested lipids. Which cellular organelle must be defective in this condition?

Correct Answer
verified

A mutation that disrupts the ability of an animal cell to add polysaccharide modifications to proteins would most likely cause defects in its

Correct Answer
verified

The membranes of various organelles in the endomembrane display differences in their lipid and protein compositions. These differences are largely established by

Correct Answer
verified

Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains?

Correct Answer
verified

If plant cells are grown on media containing radioactively labeled thymine for one generation, where will radioactively labeled macromolecules be detected?

Correct Answer
verified

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?

Correct Answer
verified

What types of proteins are synthesized by the rough ER?

Correct Answer
verified

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells?

Correct Answer
verified

The cell walls of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells and the extracellular matrix of animal cells are all external to the plasma membrane. Which of the following is a characteristic common to all of these extracellular structures?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following will be found in nearly all eukaryotic cells?

Correct Answer
verified

When disrupted cells are spun in a centrifuge at increasingly higher speeds, which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will pellet?

Correct Answer
verified

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following may be found in eukaryotic cells, but not in bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

What technique would be most appropriate to use to observe the movements of condensed chromosomes during cell division?

Correct Answer
verified

One advantage of light microscopy over transmission electron microscopy is that

Correct Answer
verified

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Correct Answer
verified

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?

Correct Answer
verified

Some key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotes from a prokaryotic ancestor are membrane-bound organelles. Which of the following organelles or features is likely to be a common component shared by both eukaryotic cells and their prokaryotic ancestors?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: A Tour of the Cell

What is the primary reason that a modern transmission electron microscope (TEM) can resolve biological images as small as 2 nm, whereas 200 nm is the limit of resolution for a light microscope?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating very large, complex, undigested lipids. Which cellular organelle must be defective in this condition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation that disrupts the ability of an animal cell to add polysaccharide modifications to proteins would most likely cause defects in its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The membranes of various organelles in the endomembrane display differences in their lipid and protein compositions. These differences are largely established by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If plant cells are grown on media containing radioactively labeled thymine for one generation, where will radioactively labeled macromolecules be detected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What types of proteins are synthesized by the rough ER?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell walls of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells and the extracellular matrix of animal cells are all external to the plasma membrane. Which of the following is a characteristic common to all of these extracellular structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following will be found in nearly all eukaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When disrupted cells are spun in a centrifuge at increasingly higher speeds, which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will pellet?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following may be found in eukaryotic cells, but not in bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What technique would be most appropriate to use to observe the movements of condensed chromosomes during cell division?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One advantage of light microscopy over transmission electron microscopy is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotes from a prokaryotic ancestor are membrane-bound organelles. Which of the following organelles or features is likely to be a common component shared by both eukaryotic cells and their prokaryotic ancestors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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