Question 1

Since the long necks of giraffes and sharp beaks of woodpeckers allow individuals access to food these physical characteristics are considered to be examples of

Accepted Answer

A)   fitness.
B)   adaptations.
C)   behavioral change.
D)   experience.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

The neurotransmitter believed to be associated with schizophrenia is

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine.
B)   acetylcholine.
C)   endorphin.
D)   serotonin.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

What event causes the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

A)   the arrival of the action potential at the postsynaptic neuron
B)   the arrival of the resting potential at the postsynaptic neuron
C)   the arrival of the action potential at the terminal buttons
D)   the arrival of the resting potential at the terminal buttonsE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

According to Darwin's theory of evolution,which of the following is the key factor in evolutionary change?

Accepted Answer

A)   the genetic transmission of learned behavior
B)   the relative success of aggressive predators
C)   variations in reproductive success
D)   the interaction of heredity and the environmentE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

A painless technique that allows researchers to create in human subjects "virtual lesions" for short periods of times is

Accepted Answer

A)   TMS.
B)   fMRI.
C)   lesioning.
D)   ESB.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Choose a specific neurotransmitter or class of neurotransmitters and discuss its impact on behavior.

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine: The only neurotransmitter...

Question 7

Destroying a piece of brain tissue to observe its effect on behavior is referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   ESB
B)   lesioning
C)   tumor ligation
D)   stereotaxic inversionE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

The hindbrain structure involved with sleep and arousal is the

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothalamus.
B)   cerebrum.
C)   thalamus.
D)   pons.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Emma has multiple sclerosis.If you could view her nervous system,you would find

Accepted Answer

A)   a lack of neurotransmitters in some neurons.
B)   areas where the myelin sheath has degenerated.
C)   areas where the dendrites are severely damaged.
D)   a reduction in the number of chloride ions in her peripheral nervous system.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Dr.Athorp has just discovered a new drug named P3X that is an agonist for GABA.It is likely that this new drug will produce side effects such as

Accepted Answer

A)   general stimulation within the body and an increase in heart rate.
B)   anxiety reduction and general relaxation.
C)   a reduction in pain and a sense of euphoria.
D)   hallucinations and disrupted sleep patterns.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following kinds of studies can truly demonstrate that specific traits are indeed inherited?

Accepted Answer

A)   family studies
B)   twin studies
C)   adoption studies
D)   none of the aboveE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Based on the research into the role of glutamate circuits in the brain,you might predict that a reduction in this neurotransmitter would

Accepted Answer

A)   hinder memory formation.
B)   lead to facial tics or muscle tremors.
C)   result in a decreased ability to modulate pain.
D)   produce sleep disorders.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Terminal buttons are located

Accepted Answer

A)   in the synaptic cleft.
B)   on the soma.
C)   at the end of dendrites.
D)   at the end of axons.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

The brain structure that controls unconscious but essential functions such as breathing and circulation is the

Accepted Answer

A)   pons.
B)   medulla.
C)   cerebellum.
D)   corpus callosum.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Monique is not able to understand spoken language.If Monique's problem stems from damage to the cerebral cortex,the damage would MOST likely be in

Accepted Answer

A)   an area known as Broca's area.
B)   the cerebellum.
C)   an area known as Wernicke's area.
D)   the right parietal lobe.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

When sodium channels open,allowing sodium ions to flow into a neuron,it causes

Accepted Answer

A)   the likelihood of an action potential to decrease.
B)   the axon hillock to become inactivated.
C)   the likelihood of an action potential to increase.
D)   the neuron to return to its resting potential.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Fiona puts her hands into a sinkful of lukewarm water; Luke puts his hands into a sinkful of ice-cold water.Based on what is known about neural transmission,you could predict that the action potentials will

Accepted Answer

A)   travel more quickly in Luke's system because the stimulus is more intense.
B)   be weaker in Fiona's system because the stimulus is less intense.
C)   be the same in both individuals due to the all-or-none principle.
D)   travel a shorter distance in Luke's system because the stimulus is more intense.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

An action potential is

Accepted Answer

A)   the tiny electrical charge that exists when a neuron is neither receiving nor sending information.
B)   an electrical signal that travels along the axon of a neuron.
C)   the small gap that exists between adjacent neurons.
D)   an electrical signal that travels along the dendrites of a neuron.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

An antagonist

Accepted Answer

A)   blocks the action of neurotransmitters.
B)   prevents reuptake of neurotransmitters.
C)   mimics the action of a neurotransmitter.
D)   extends the absolute refractory period of neural transmission.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Jeremy is sitting quietly when the muscles in his left leg begin to "twitch." This activation of movement in his voluntary muscles is most likely due to the release of the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)   serotonin.
B)   dopamine.
C)   acetylcholine.
D)   norepinephrine.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Exam 3: The Biological Bases of Behavior

The brain structure that controls unconscious but essential functions such as breathing and circulation is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emma has multiple sclerosis.If you could view her nervous system,you would find

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the research into the role of glutamate circuits in the brain,you might predict that a reduction in this neurotransmitter would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose a specific neurotransmitter or class of neurotransmitters and discuss its impact on behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedAcetylcholine: The only neurotransmitter...View AnswerShow Answer

An antagonist

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The neurotransmitter believed to be associated with schizophrenia is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When sodium channels open,allowing sodium ions to flow into a neuron,it causes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An action potential is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Terminal buttons are located

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following kinds of studies can truly demonstrate that specific traits are indeed inherited?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jeremy is sitting quietly when the muscles in his left leg begin to "twitch." This activation of movement in his voluntary muscles is most likely due to the release of the neurotransmitter

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Monique is not able to understand spoken language.If Monique's problem stems from damage to the cerebral cortex,the damage would MOST likely be in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Darwin's theory of evolution,which of the following is the key factor in evolutionary change?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Destroying a piece of brain tissue to observe its effect on behavior is referred to as which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What event causes the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Since the long necks of giraffes and sharp beaks of woodpeckers allow individuals access to food these physical characteristics are considered to be examples of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A painless technique that allows researchers to create in human subjects "virtual lesions" for short periods of times is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hindbrain structure involved with sleep and arousal is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fiona puts her hands into a sinkful of lukewarm water; Luke puts his hands into a sinkful of ice-cold water.Based on what is known about neural transmission,you could predict that the action potentials will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.Athorp has just discovered a new drug named P3X that is an agonist for GABA.It is likely that this new drug will produce side effects such as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Acetylcholine: The only neurotransmitter...
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