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Psychosocial crises arise because


A) most people are not prepared for the level of intimacy and identity required in adult life.
B) of the unsatisfactory relationship developed between parents and children.
C) of a discrepancy between a person's competence and societal expectations.
D) society benefits when most of the people are in some kind of conflict.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following statements is most accurate with regard to a psychosocial crisis?


A) Most people resolve the crisis with an entirely negative resolution.
B) Most people never resolve the first crisis of trust versus mistrust.
C) Most people resolve the crisis positively along with some negative experience.
D) Most people resolve the crisis with an entirely positive resolution.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which example illustrates how a person might anticipate the challenges and roles of a future stage?


A) A teenager worries about taking a test.
B) A preschool child pretends to get married and have a family.
C) A middle adult woman plans Thanksgiving dinner.
D) A grandfather regrets not having spent enough time with his granddaughter.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Core pathologies


A) provide new resources for coping with the next psychosocial crisis.
B) protect the person from unwanted interaction with the societal system.
C) provide new information.
D) promote an optimistic worldview.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Briefly explain how one developmental stage transfers into the next.

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Developmental stages are periods in life...

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Psychosocial theory presents human development as a product of________.


A) the culmination of human experience calculated in older adulthood
B) the interaction between biological and psychological needs and societal expectations
C) infantile experiences of the id, ego, and superego
D) genetic influences on personality development

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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When an individual engages in a central process, the result is


A) a stabilization of boundaries and identity.
B) a reworking of an individual's psychological system.
C) a stagnation in growth and development.
D) a decrease in the acquisition of new skills.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Dick has shown throughout his life that he is more likely than most of his friends to exhibit positive outcomes in the face of serious threats to his development. Which of the following is TRUE of Dick?


A) He does not cope as well as most of his friends.
B) He is more resilient than most of his friends.
C) He has a better socioeconomic status than most of his friends.
D) He has a better worldview than most of his friends.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Psychosocial theory predicts that self-concept and worldview are reorganized at each stage of life.

A) True
B) False

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Marcus is 6 years old. He most likely only imitates his parents and siblings.

A) True
B) False

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Unpredictable life stresses, such as divorce and death, may contribute to the


A) re-working of earlier life stages.
B) progression to future life stages.
C) speeding up of resolving a psychosocial crisis.
D) sequential progression of life stage development.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Why is psychosocial theory useful as an organizing framework?


A) It focuses solely on the age ranges of adolescence and adulthood.
B) It ignores the role of culture in a person's development.
C) It assumes people actively contribute to their development.
D) It focuses only on the biological influences on human development.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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As Jamison develops new ego qualities, which of the following will he reformulate to adapt to them?


A) His worldview
B) His coping strategies
C) His imitation
D) His core pathologies

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Explain what it means to say that there is an "evolution" to psychosocial theory.

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The concept of "evolution" in psychosoci...

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The term radius of significant others refers to


A) a geometric pattern illustrating the life stages and psychosocial crisis.
B) a process for resolving a psychosocial crisis.
C) the tension between individual development and societal pressures.
D) a network of relationships important to an individual.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about developmental tasks is most accurate?


A) Developmental tasks are universal and are not related to societal expectations.
B) Learning about team play is a developmental task for all stages of life.
C) There is no relationship between developmental tasks of one life stage and the psychosocial crisis of previous stages.
D) Achieving developmental tasks in one stage contributes to greater chances of achieving developmental tasks of future stages.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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The psychosocial crisis serves as a mechanism for development by


A) highlighting the tension and conflict between positive and negative poles.
B) speeding up the biological maturation process.
C) focusing on the sensitive period of an infant's development.
D) experiencing only the negative of a conflict.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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As a late adolescent, it would be very typical for one of Keeana's developmental tasks to be membership in a peer group.

A) True
B) False

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