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Exam 6: Sedimentary Rocks the Archives of Earth History

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Question 31

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The degree to which detrital particles have had their sharp edges and corners smoothed off by abrasion is ____.

A) varve
B) cross-bedding
C) drift
D) sorting
E) rounding

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Question 32

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Sand deposits made by ____________________ are well sorted and have large (tens to hundreds of feet) cross-beds.

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Wind or Ae...

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Question 33

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Current flow direction can be determined by cross-beds and some ripple marks.

A(n) ____________________ is a long accumulation of abundant sand that lies offshore and is separated from the mainland by a lagoon.

Extensive burrowing by organisms that may destroy structures by thoroughly disrupting sediments is called ____________________.

Fine-grained clays, silts and muds would always indicate a ____ environment.

Large-scale cross-beds (greater than 10 ft. in height) commonly indicate a ___________ sedimentary environment.

An example of a biogenic sedimentary structure is ____.

Limestone deposits most likely form in which environments?

Crossbeds and current ripple marks can both indicate the direction of a current. Explain how crossbeds and current ripple marks differ and the types of environments you would expect to find them in.

Dense marine flows composed of a mixture of water and sediment are called turbidity currents.

A sedimentary layer in which grain size decreases from the bottom up is ____.

Describe and discuss the carbonate deposits expected in different parts of an organic reef environment.

A long sand body more or less parallel with a shoreline but separated from it by a lagoon is a ____.

A deposit of sediment where a stream or river enters a lake or the ocean is called a(n) ____.

Sand dunes are most likely formed in a wet tropical environment.

Poorly sorted, nonstratified drift deposits are called ____________________.

Compare and contrast sediments deposited from the coastline to the deep marine environment. Give examples of the sedimentary rocks that form by the lithification of these sediments.

The gently sloping area adjacent to a continent is the ____________________.

A sample of deep-sea sediments would be expected to contain ____.