Question 1

People today are more likely to identify themselves through personal characteristics than through group membership or affiliation.Why is this cause for concern to some sociologists?

Accepted Answer

A)   People who identify themselves through personal characteristics are less likely to try to achieve their goals and advance themselves.
B)   People who identify themselves through personal characteristics are more likely to blindly follow orders and bow to peer pressure.
C)   People who identify themselves through personal characteristics are more likely to have large social networks and maintain connections to their communities.
D)   People who identify themselves through personal characteristics might care less about the common good.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The definition of what constitutes a group is being transformed as a result of new technology and the Digital Revolution.Which of the following is evidence of this?

Accepted Answer

A)   Websites
B)   Chat rooms
C)   Self-help groups
D)   Civic groupsE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Unlike either traditional authority or legal-rational authority,charismatic authority is rooted in:

Accepted Answer

A)   the efficiency and rationality of a particular way of doing things.
B)   an economic system that focuses on rules and regulations.
C)   the personal qualities of the leader.
D)   birthright.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

In 2009 the Detroit Pistons fired head coach Michael Curry.Most sources agreed that Curry lost his job because of squabbles with players,as well as tensions between team members and the coaching staff.This was especially upsetting because Curry's main strength was supposed to be his ability to communicate well with players and command their respect.What type of leadership was Curry lacking?

Accepted Answer

A)   Expressive
B)   Instrumental
C)   Legal-rational
D)   TraditionalE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

In 1978 Jim Jones,the leader of the People's Temple cult,forced more than 900 of his followers to commit suicide at gunpoint by drinking poisoned flavor Aid.In the run-up to this event,Jones had strictly enforced discipline,mocking and ridiculing anyone who expressed doubts,at times even having doubters sedated.This extreme effort to enforce conformity is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   the expressive self.
B)   bureaucracy.
C)   peer pressure.
D)   an out-group.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Why would sociologists who study social networks and employment pay attention to the frequency with which a person has been in contact with each member of his social network?

Accepted Answer

A)   To measure the homogeneity of the network
B)   To determine if groupthink is an issue in a particular social network
C)   To see if a particular tie is strong or weak
D)   To see just how extensive the network isE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is a factor that can lead to increased group cohesion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Shared values
B)   Unique traits
C)   Apathy toward the group as a whole
D)   Differing goalsE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

What kind of leadership style is typically expected of women in contemporary society?

Accepted Answer

A)   Expressive leadership
B)   Rational leadership
C)   family leadership
D)   Proscriptive leadershipE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Although individuals always feel loyalty toward their in-group,under what circumstances would this loyalty be particularly strong?

Accepted Answer

A)   When the in-group is particularly large
B)   When the individual has belonged to the in-group for a short time
C)   When the out-group is from another city than the in-group
D)   When the differences between the in-group and the out-group are sharply definedE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

A producer for a cable news show is feeling insecure.She complains to her boss that she isn't very smart and that she only does well because she's scared of being yelled at.Her boss tells her to stop whining and not worry about it.He says,"I'm a results-based guy.I don't care why it works,as long as it works!" What leadership style do you think her boss has?

Accepted Answer

A)   Charismatic
B)   Expressive
C)   Instrumental
D)   Legal-rationalE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Members of which of the following think of themselves as belonging together while also interacting with each other?

Accepted Answer

A)   An aggregate
B)   A group
C)   A category
D)   A queueE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Explain the criticism of Robert Putnam's concern about the decline of participation in bowling leagues and what that means for U.S.society,using the example of virtual communities.

Accepted Answer

Putnam's concerns hinged on Americans' d...

Question 13

What term did the sociologist George Ritzer use to describe the spread of rationalization and bureaucratic ways of operating into everyday life?

Accepted Answer

A)   The spirit of capitalism
B)   Legal-rational authority
C)   Bureaucratic creep
D)   McDonaldizationE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following is best suited to preventing groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)   A leader who encourages and rewards the presentation of alternative opinions
B)   A strict meritocracy in which only the best and brightest are hired
C)   Strict control over the flow of information into and out of an organization
D)   A strong leader who controls every aspect of the decision-making processE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

If a sociologist measured group cohesion within a neighborhood and found a high level of group cohesion,which response would you LEAST expect to find on the survey?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Overall, I find this neighborhood very attractive."
B)   "If my neighbors were planning something, I would think of it as something 'we' were doing rather than something 'they' were doing."
C)   "I feel a sense of loyalty to my neighbors."
D)   "I feel comfortable in all sorts of neighborhoods."E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Explain how reference groups work.Give an example of a reference group in your own life.

Accepted Answer

A reference group provides standards by ...

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of McDonaldization,as George Ritzer used the term?

Accepted Answer

A)   A worker says, "Sometimes I felt just like a robot. You push a button and you go this way. You become a mechanical nut."
B)   A small farmer who raises organic free-range chickens says, "Sometimes it's really hard waking up before dawn and working to keep your flocks healthy, but in the end it's very rewarding, both emotionally and financially."
C)   An apprentice who makes guitars in a workshop says, "You would never believe the hard work, the discipline, that go into the making of a single guitar, often custom made, for a specific client. It takes hundreds of hours of hard, careful labor, every step deliberated."
D)   A guest at a bed-and-breakfast said, "It was marvelous, the innkeepers treated us like family. It was so comfortable and friendly, and charming and romantic."E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Robert Merton pointed out that we remember Abraham Lincoln,one of America's great heroes,as being frugal,thrifty,and sparing,yet some people might describe these same traits differently when a member of some other racial or ethnic group possesses them.for example,Merton suggested that some white Americans who would describe Lincoln this way might describe an Asian American who has these same qualities as being stingy,miserly,and penny pinching.What explains this double standard?

Accepted Answer

A)   Because of historical change, standards of behavior that were considered appropriate in Lincoln's time are now looked down upon.
B)   Lincoln was miserly, but he is remembered differently because American textbooks are not permitted to say negative things about presidents.
C)   Lincoln was a truly remarkable individual who acted in these ways for selfless reasons, something everyday people can't hope to do.
D)   for these white Americans, Lincoln was a member of their racial in-group, whereas an Asian American would be a member of the out-group.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Groups that we use as standards to evaluate ourselves-either positively,in terms of the qualities we aspire to achieve,or negatively,in terms of the qualities we wish to avoid-are called:

Accepted Answer

A)   reference groups.
B)   out-groups.
C)   in-groups.
D)   networks.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

The Solomon Asch experiment,in which groups of participants were asked to compare the lengths of lines,demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A)   an authoritarian leader can strongly influence group members.
B)   groups have great power to induce conformity.
C)   the larger the group is, the less each member has a sense of individual responsibility.
D)   peer pressure emerges when a group's task is relatively difficult or demanding.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 5: Separate and Together: Life in Groups

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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People today are more likely to identify themselves through personal characteristics than through group membership or affiliation.Why is this cause for concern to some sociologists?

Correct Answer
verified

What term did the sociologist George Ritzer use to describe the spread of rationalization and bureaucratic ways of operating into everyday life?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain how reference groups work.Give an example of a reference group in your own life.

Correct Answer
verified
A reference group provides standards by ...
View Answer

Why would sociologists who study social networks and employment pay attention to the frequency with which a person has been in contact with each member of his social network?

Correct Answer
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The definition of what constitutes a group is being transformed as a result of new technology and the Digital Revolution.Which of the following is evidence of this?

Correct Answer
verified

Although individuals always feel loyalty toward their in-group,under what circumstances would this loyalty be particularly strong?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is best suited to preventing groupthink?

Correct Answer
verified

If a sociologist measured group cohesion within a neighborhood and found a high level of group cohesion,which response would you LEAST expect to find on the survey?

Correct Answer
verified

The Solomon Asch experiment,in which groups of participants were asked to compare the lengths of lines,demonstrated that:

Correct Answer
verified

Groups that we use as standards to evaluate ourselves-either positively,in terms of the qualities we aspire to achieve,or negatively,in terms of the qualities we wish to avoid-are called:

Correct Answer
verified

What kind of leadership style is typically expected of women in contemporary society?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain the criticism of Robert Putnam's concern about the decline of participation in bowling leagues and what that means for U.S.society,using the example of virtual communities.

Correct Answer
verified
Putnam's concerns hinged on Americans' d...
View Answer

Unlike either traditional authority or legal-rational authority,charismatic authority is rooted in:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of McDonaldization,as George Ritzer used the term?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a factor that can lead to increased group cohesion?

Correct Answer
verified

Members of which of the following think of themselves as belonging together while also interacting with each other?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Separate and Together: Life in Groups

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People today are more likely to identify themselves through personal characteristics than through group membership or affiliation.Why is this cause for concern to some sociologists?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What term did the sociologist George Ritzer use to describe the spread of rationalization and bureaucratic ways of operating into everyday life?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how reference groups work.Give an example of a reference group in your own life.

Correct AnswerverifiedA reference group provides standards by ...View AnswerShow Answer

Why would sociologists who study social networks and employment pay attention to the frequency with which a person has been in contact with each member of his social network?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The definition of what constitutes a group is being transformed as a result of new technology and the Digital Revolution.Which of the following is evidence of this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although individuals always feel loyalty toward their in-group,under what circumstances would this loyalty be particularly strong?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is best suited to preventing groupthink?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a sociologist measured group cohesion within a neighborhood and found a high level of group cohesion,which response would you LEAST expect to find on the survey?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Solomon Asch experiment,in which groups of participants were asked to compare the lengths of lines,demonstrated that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Groups that we use as standards to evaluate ourselves-either positively,in terms of the qualities we aspire to achieve,or negatively,in terms of the qualities we wish to avoid-are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What kind of leadership style is typically expected of women in contemporary society?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the criticism of Robert Putnam's concern about the decline of participation in bowling leagues and what that means for U.S.society,using the example of virtual communities.

Correct AnswerverifiedPutnam's concerns hinged on Americans' d...View AnswerShow Answer

Unlike either traditional authority or legal-rational authority,charismatic authority is rooted in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of McDonaldization,as George Ritzer used the term?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a factor that can lead to increased group cohesion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Members of which of the following think of themselves as belonging together while also interacting with each other?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A reference group provides standards by ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Putnam's concerns hinged on Americans' d...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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