Question 1

There are several significant differences between functionalism and structural functionalism.Discuss these differences and then discuss why these theories are considered part of the same theoretical school of thought.

Accepted Answer

Functionalism and structural functionali...

Question 2

Boas trained nearly the entire first generation of American anthropologists,including:

Accepted Answer

A)   Alfred Radcliffe-Brown.
B)   Edward Tylor.
C)   Ruth Benedict.
D)   Marvin Harris.
E)   Clifford Geertz.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

The British diffusionists maintained that all cultural features,wherever they may be found,had their origins in Britain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The functionalist concept of universal function means:

Accepted Answer

A)   that every component of a culture has a use.
B)   that social structure is universal.
C)   that individual needs are universal.
D)   that culture is an integrated whole.
E)   that technology is the foundation of society.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

What is cultural materialism? How does its position and methodology differ from the postmodern approach?

Accepted Answer

Cultural materialism is a theoretical fr...

Question 6

The primary aim of ethnoscience is to:

Accepted Answer

A)   understand a culture from the point of view of the people themselves.
B)   identify the universal rules found in all the societies of the world.
C)   describe a culture in terms of the categories of the ethnographer.
D)   do a complete ethnoscientific study of every aspect of a culture.
E)   to understand how culture changes over time.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Cultural materialism:

Accepted Answer

A)   is wedded to the emic approach.
B)   emphasizes the etic approach.
C)   avoids participant-observation.
D)   was created by Ruth Benedict.
E)   studies cultures but does not focus on the individual.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Cultural materialism:

Accepted Answer

A)   holds that material conditions determine human thoughts and behavior.
B)   assumes the viewpoint of the native informant.
C)   studies only cultural artifacts.
D)   is a philosophical system based on qualitative data.
E)   is a theory that argues that all cultures change in similar directions.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Postmodernists emphasize:

Accepted Answer

A)   solitary research by one ethnographer.
B)   the rejection of generalizing and developing predictable theories.
C)   a close relation to biology that focuses on cultures as a biological necessity.
D)   the extreme etic approach.
E)   the local people only, disregarding any kind of global effects.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 10

What is the primary contribution of interpretive anthropology?

Accepted Answer

A)   Interpretive anthropology has increased awareness of the role of anthropologists.
B)   Interpretive anthropology has increased our focus on description and ethnographic detail.
C)   Interpretive anthropology has led to a much greater understanding of how cultures change.
D)   Interpretive anthropology provides an etic point of view.
E)   Interpretive anthropology has not made any new contributions to the field of anthropology.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Compare and contrast cultural materialism with postmodernism.How would the same culture be approached differently by anthropologists holding these different points of view?

Accepted Answer

Cultural materialism and postmodernism a...

Question 12

Evolutionary theory is an inductive approach to societies and diversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following anthropologists is not associated with the school of Feminist Anthropology which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s?

Accepted Answer

A)   Annette Weiner
B)   Ruth Benedict
C)   Louise Lamphere
D)   Sherry Ortner
E)   Michelle Zimbalist RosaldoF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

What three aspects do cultural materialists consider the most important parts of cultural systems?

Accepted Answer

tools,tech...

Question 15

Which of the following is a primary weakness of French Structuralism?

Accepted Answer

A)   It does not focus on interesting cultural questions.
B)   There is too much fieldwork associated with this theory and very little application.
C)   The theory takes account solely of European cultures and is ethnocentric.
D)   Structuralism is too psychological in its approach.
E)   It is a theory that cannot be tested empirically.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

Leslie White and Julian Steward developed the theory of:

Accepted Answer

A)   ethnoscience.
B)   psychological anthropology.
C)   neoevolutionism.
D)   diffusionism.
E)   evolutionism.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Boas called for a moratorium on theorizing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In the Cross-Cultural Miscue in your textbook,the word "parallel" is presented from an ethnoscientific point of view. What does the word "parallel" mean to most Japanese?

Accepted Answer

A)   Things that run in tandem side by side.
B)   Things that are not in agreement.
C)   An approach that creates unity.
D)   A particular kind of geometric shape.
E)   A form of high bar used in gymnastics.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

What was Margaret Mead attempting to demonstrate in her research among the Arapesh,Tchambuli,and Mundugumor of New Guinea?

Accepted Answer

Mead was demonstrating that th...

Question 20

What did the use of participant observation contribute to the New Hope Antipoverty Program?

Accepted Answer

A)   It led to more accurate survey data and allowed the researchers to better understand why people chose to be homeless.
B)   Participant observation contributed to the collection of quantitative data.
C)   Through participant observation, Gibson and Weisner were able to make lifelong friendships with the individuals in the poverty program.
D)   By using participant observation, Gibson and Weisner were better able to understand the quantitative data.
E)   By using participant observation, Gibson and Weisner were better able to understand the qualitative data.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Exam 4: The Growth of Anthropological Theory

Postmodernists emphasize:

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What is the primary contribution of interpretive anthropology?

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What was Margaret Mead attempting to demonstrate in her research among the Arapesh,Tchambuli,and Mundugumor of New Guinea?

Correct AnswerverifiedMead was demonstrating that th...View AnswerShow Answer

Boas trained nearly the entire first generation of American anthropologists,including:

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What did the use of participant observation contribute to the New Hope Antipoverty Program?

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What three aspects do cultural materialists consider the most important parts of cultural systems?

Correct Answerverifiedtools,tech...View AnswerShow Answer

In the Cross-Cultural Miscue in your textbook,the word "parallel" is presented from an ethnoscientific point of view. What does the word "parallel" mean to most Japanese?

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There are several significant differences between functionalism and structural functionalism.Discuss these differences and then discuss why these theories are considered part of the same theoretical school of thought.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIFunctionalism and structural functionali...View AnswerShow Answer

Leslie White and Julian Steward developed the theory of:

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Compare and contrast cultural materialism with postmodernism.How would the same culture be approached differently by anthropologists holding these different points of view?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AICultural materialism and postmodernism a...View AnswerShow Answer

Evolutionary theory is an inductive approach to societies and diversity.

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The primary aim of ethnoscience is to:

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What is cultural materialism? How does its position and methodology differ from the postmodern approach?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AICultural materialism is a theoretical fr...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following anthropologists is not associated with the school of Feminist Anthropology which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s?

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The British diffusionists maintained that all cultural features,wherever they may be found,had their origins in Britain.

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Cultural materialism:

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Boas called for a moratorium on theorizing.

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The functionalist concept of universal function means:

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Which of the following is a primary weakness of French Structuralism?

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Cultural materialism:

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Mead was demonstrating that th...
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tools,tech...
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Functionalism and structural functionali...
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Cultural materialism and postmodernism a...
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Cultural materialism is a theoretical fr...
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