Question 1

What is derived when the pressure difference between the mouth and alveoli is divided by the flowrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   airway resistance
B)   surface tension
C)   lung compliance
D)   chest wall complianceE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

How does the normal adult's respiratory pattern change when lung compliance decreases?

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory rate increases and tidal volume decreases
B)   respiratory rate decreases and tidal volume increase
C)   respiratory rate and tidal volume increase
D)   respiratory rate and tidal volume decrease.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 3

What is the term for alteration of the ventilatory pattern to minimize dead space ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A)   ventilatory efficiency
B)   metabolic efficiency
C)   hyperventilation
D)   HyperefficiencyE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

What is the average respiratory rate for an adult at rest?

Accepted Answer

A)   12-18 breaths/min
B)   5-12 breaths/min
C)   14-24 breath/min
D)   19-26 breaths/minE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

At what point in the respiratory cycle is the equilibrium point reached?
I.Inspiration
II.End-inspiration
III.Expiration
IV.End-expiration

Accepted Answer

A)   II and IV only
B)   II only
C)   IV only
D)   1 and III onlyE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following are periods of no gas flow during negative pressure ventilation?
I.Inspiration
II.End inspiration
III.Expiration
IV.End expiration

Accepted Answer

A)   II and IV only
B)   II only
C)   IV only
D)   I and III onlyE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following would shift the volume-pressure curve to the right?
I.Acute asthma episode
II.Pneumothorax
III.Pleural effusion
IV.Pulmonary edema

Accepted Answer

A)   II, II, and IV only
B)   I, II, and IV only
C)   I. III and IV only
D)   Ii and IV onlyE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Which gas law states that at constant temperature,a volume of gas varies inversely proportional to its pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Boyle's
B)   Charles
C)   Gay-Lussac's
D)   Henry'sE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

What instrument is used to measure Pₐtm ?

Accepted Answer

A)   barometer
B)   hygrometer
C)   altimeter
D)   dynameterE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Who is credited with the following equation : P = (2ST) /r ?

Accepted Answer

A)   LaPlace
B)   Hooke
C)   Dalton
D)   BoyleE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

What is the term for the difference between the alveolar pressure and the body surface pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   transthoracic pressure
B)   transmural pressure
C)   transrespiratory pressure
D)   transpulmonary pressureE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

What is the general term for a pressure difference between two points in a system?

Accepted Answer

A)   pressure gradient
B)   diffusion
C)   system pressure variation
D)   osmotic gradientE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

When Poiseuille's law is rearranged for pressure,what adjustment must be made in driving pressure to maintain the same flowrate when the radius of the tube is reduced by 50% ?

Accepted Answer

A)   The pressure must be increased to 16 times the original
B)   The pressure must be doubled
C)   The pressure must be reduced by 50%
D)   The pressure must be increased to 4 times the original pressureE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

What would the minute alveolar ventilation equal if a 6 ft tall,170 lb male has a VT of 550 mL and a respiratory rate of 11 breaths/min?

Accepted Answer

A)   (550-170)  x 11 = 4.18 L
B)   (550 + 170)  x 11 = 7.9 L
C)   550 + (170 x 11)  = 1.87 L
D)   550 - (170/2.2)  x 11= 4.65 LE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

At what point in the ventilatory cycle would the intra-alveolar pressure be higher than the atmospheric pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   expiration
B)   end-expiration
C)   inspiration
D)   pre-inspirationE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

In a flail chest,which pressure gradients are responsible for the inward movement on inspiration of the section of unattached ribs?
I.Transpulmonary
II.Transmural
III.Transthoracic
IV.Transrespiratory

Accepted Answer

A)   I and III only
B)   II and IV only
C)   I and II only
D)   II and III onlyE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

If a patient who generates an intrapleural pressure of -4 mmHg to inhale 450 mL experiences inflammation and bronchospasm that reduce the radius of the bronchial airways to one-half of their original size,what pressure must the patient generate to inhale the same tidal volume?

Accepted Answer

A)   64 mm Hg
B)   48 mm Hg
C)   20 mm Hg
D)   16 mm HgE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

A 5 ft tall female who weighs 300 lb requires mechanical ventilation.If the prescribed tidal volume for this patient's condition is 6 mL/kg IBW,where should the set tidal volume be set?

Accepted Answer

A)   approximately 290 mL
B)   approximately 380 mL
C)   approximately 520 mL
D)   approximately 820 mLE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

In the presence of restrictive lung disorders,how do patients typically offset the decreased time constants?

Accepted Answer

A)   They adopt an increased respiratory rate
B)   They adopt a decreased respiratory rate
C)   They adopt a decreased respiratory rate and add a breath hold
D)   They adopt a decreased respiratory rate with an increased tidal volumeE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

In the upright position,which portion of the lungs has the most negative pleural pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   apex
B)   base
C)   hilum
D)   intrapleural pressure is uniform throughout all lung areasE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 2: Ventilation

If a patient who generates an intrapleural pressure of -4 mmHg to inhale 450 mL experiences inflammation and bronchospasm that reduce the radius of the bronchial airways to one-half of their original size,what pressure must the patient generate to inhale the same tidal volume?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 5 ft tall female who weighs 300 lb requires mechanical ventilation.If the prescribed tidal volume for this patient's condition is 6 mL/kg IBW,where should the set tidal volume be set?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the presence of restrictive lung disorders,how do patients typically offset the decreased time constants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would the minute alveolar ventilation equal if a 6 ft tall,170 lb male has a VT of 550 mL and a respiratory rate of 11 breaths/min?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which gas law states that at constant temperature,a volume of gas varies inversely proportional to its pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Poiseuille's law is rearranged for pressure,what adjustment must be made in driving pressure to maintain the same flowrate when the radius of the tube is reduced by 50% ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are periods of no gas flow during negative pressure ventilation? I.Inspiration II.End inspiration III.Expiration IV.End expiration

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is derived when the pressure difference between the mouth and alveoli is divided by the flowrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At what point in the respiratory cycle is the equilibrium point reached? I.Inspiration II.End-inspiration III.Expiration IV.End-expiration

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At what point in the ventilatory cycle would the intra-alveolar pressure be higher than the atmospheric pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the general term for a pressure difference between two points in a system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the normal adult's respiratory pattern change when lung compliance decreases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a flail chest,which pressure gradients are responsible for the inward movement on inspiration of the section of unattached ribs? I.Transpulmonary II.Transmural III.Transthoracic IV.Transrespiratory

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is credited with the following equation : P = (2ST) /r ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would shift the volume-pressure curve to the right? I.Acute asthma episode II.Pneumothorax III.Pleural effusion IV.Pulmonary edema

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term for alteration of the ventilatory pattern to minimize dead space ventilation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What instrument is used to measure Pₐtm ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term for the difference between the alveolar pressure and the body surface pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the upright position,which portion of the lungs has the most negative pleural pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the average respiratory rate for an adult at rest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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