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If you cannot decide whether to submit to back surgery, which you dread, to alleviate your back pain or to continue to live with the pain, which you sometimes find unbearable, you are caught in


A) an approach-avoidance conflict.
B) an approach-approach conflict.
C) a double approach-avoidance conflict.
D) an avoidance-avoidance conflict.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The person who is MOST likely to experience frustration is one who


A) can predict the outcome of an event.
B) is a perfectionist.
C) sets goals that are too low.
D) must decide between two equally attractive alternatives.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Stress affects the immune system by


A) increasing its activity, thus providing more protection from illness.
B) altering its activity to defend against specific illnesses.
C) reducing its activity initially, but then increasing its activity after an adjustment period.
D) reducing its activity, thus causing the body to become more vulnerable to illness.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Which type of conflict tends to be most unpleasant and highly stressful?


A) approach-approach
B) avoidance-avoidance
C) approach-avoidance
D) attack-avoidance

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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When a person's pursuit of a goal is blocked or thwarted, the person experiences


A) change.
B) pressure.
C) frustration.
D) conflict.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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In general, the least stressful conflict is the


A) avoidance-avoidance conflict.
B) approach-avoidance conflict.
C) approach-approach conflict.
D) double approach-avoidance conflict.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Research has shown that the emotional responses to stress


A) may involve either positive or negative emotions.
B) always involve negative emotions.
C) typically alternate between positive and negative emotions.
D) are more intense in women than in men.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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What does the research have to say about the general effect of everyday problems and the minor nuisances of life?


A) Minor stresses produce minor effects.
B) Minor stresses have negative effects only when coupled with major stresses.
C) Minor stresses may have significant harmful effects on both physical and mental health.
D) Minor stresses often have significant harmful effects on mental health, but don't affect physical health.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Pressure can be stressful because it involves the expectation (or demands) that a person behave in a certain way.

A) True
B) False

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Studies of the immune system in humans have found that stress


A) can lead to increased levels of immune activity.
B) has very little effect on immune activity.
C) can lead to decreased levels of immune activity.
D) decreases autonomic nervous system function.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Imagine you studied for this psychology exam with two of your classmates.If one classmate, Becky, was very nervous and "stressed-out" about the exam, and the other classmate, Craig, thought the exam "wasn't a big deal," their differing attitudes are most consistent with the finding that


A) some people use constructive coping techniques to reduce stress.
B) people's appraisal of stressful events are highly objective.
C) people's appraisals of stressful events are highly subjective.
D) males experience many events as less stressful than females.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Geena has made it to the final round in a game show.She must now choose between accepting the cash that she has earned to date or, risking the cash on the chance to win a new car.As Geena tries to decide between the two available alternatives, she is facing


A) an approach-avoidance conflict.
B) an avoidance-avoidance conflict.
C) a frustration-pressure conflict.
D) an approach-approach conflict.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Describe the four different types of major types of stress and provide an example of each.

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Psychologists have outlined four princip...

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A person who loves to eat but at the same time fears becoming overweight is MOST likely experiencing


A) an approach-approach conflict.
B) an avoidance-avoidance conflict.
C) an approach-avoidance conflict
D) the fight-or-flight response.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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One of the problematic aspects of the research into the link between stress and illness is that


A) separate control groups are not able to be created due to ethical constraints.
B) the data is correlational in nature and does not allow for conclusions as to casuality.
C) subjects are only able to be followed for limited time periods so it is difficult to determine the long-term impact of the stressor.
D) subjective cognitive appraisal differences leads people to interpret stressors differently and interferes with consistent conclusions.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements is true?


A) even a moderate amount of exercise reduces one's risk of disease.
B) only a substantial amount of exercise reduces one's risk of disease.
C) exercise has little, if any, effect on one's risk of disease.
D) only individual forms of exercise, and not team sport forms of exercise, reduce one's risk of disease.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Describe several recent occasions when you've experienced stress.For each case identify the type(s) of stress you experienced and whatever emotional, physiological, and/or behavioural responses to stress you made.

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Students should accurately classify thei...

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Which of the following situations is most likely to result in chronic stress?


A) being diagnosed with AIDS.
B) preparing for final exams.
C) being late for an appointment and stuck in traffic.
D) being told that you need root canal work.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Miranda started a small craft business in her home three years ago.Last year she finally moved her business into a small store along her town's main street.Last Saturday, most of her store's stock was destroyed as firefighters fought a fire that had started in the vacant office next to her store.As Miranda walks through her ruined store, she is most likely to experience a sense of


A) burnout.
B) frustration.
C) pressure.
D) conflict.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress refers to


A) behavioural coping.
B) constructive coping.
C) defensive coping.
D) coping

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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