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What physical geographical feature in the Old Northwest served as an internal borderland?


A) The Ohio River.
B) Lake Erie.
C) The Mississippi River.
D) Lake Michigan.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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What was the significance of Robert Fulton?


A) He was responsible for the construction of the Erie Canal.
B) His work in designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible.
C) His innovations led to the revolution in turnpike construction in the early nineteenth century.
D) As mayor of New York City, he worked to make that city a commercial center.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Explain how innovations in technology changed Americans' sense of national identity between 1800 and 1860.

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The innovations in technology between 18...

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In an 1837 case involving the Charles River in Massachusetts, Chief Justice Roger Taney:


A) declared that the community had a legitimate interest in promoting transportation and prosperity.
B) held that adding a second bridge over the river violated the charter rights of the company that built the first bridge.
C) granted Robert Fulton's steamboat company a monopoly in the ferry business on the river.
D) issued an opinion in which the U.S. Supreme Court, for the first time, overturned a state law.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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How did the market revolution affect the lives of artisans?


A) Their lives changed little, because the economy allowed for plenty of room for specialized craftsmen.
B) New competition created opportunities for the specialized skills of artisans, so their numbers expanded.
C) Working in factories, they faced constant supervision as they used power-driven machinery.
D) They began working in factories, which they preferred to enduring years of apprenticeship under the old system.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The majority of the nearly 4 million immigrants that entered the United States between 1840 and 1860 were from:


A) England and Germany.
B) Germany and Ireland.
C) China and Ireland.
D) Mexico and England.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Racism in the North resulted in:


A) limited economic opportunities for African-Americans.
B) more opportunities for land for Native Americans.
C) a reestablishment of slavery.
D) African-Americans being the majority of factory workers.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Henry David Thoreau believed that:


A) economic independence was essential for freedom.
B) genuine freedom lay within the individual.
C) the market revolution brought freedom to many.
D) true freedom was not obtainable.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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America's first commercial railroad was the:


A) Pennsylvania Railroad.
B) Union Pacific Railroad.
C) Reading Railroad.
D) Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Compare and contrast the changes brought about by the Market Revolution in the Northeast, the West, and the South, analyzing both similarities and differences during the period 1800-1840.

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The Market Revolution, which took place ...

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The American Scholar (1837) Ralph Waldo Emerson Another sign of our times, also marked by an analogous political movement, is, the new importance given to the single person. Every thing that tends to insulate the individual,-to surround him with barriers of natural respect, so that each man shall feel the world is his, and man shall treat with man as a sovereign state with a sovereign state;-tends to true union as well as greatness. "I learned," said the melancholy Pestalozzi, "that no man in God's wide earth is either willing or able to help any other man." Help must come from the bosom alone. . . . We have listened too long to the courtly muses of Europe. The spirit of the American freeman is already suspected to be timid, imitative, tame. Public and private avarice make the air we breathe thick and fat. The scholar is decent, indolent, complaisant. See already the tragic consequence. The mind of this country, taught to aim at low objects, eats upon itself. There is no work for any but the decorous and the complaisant. -The ideas expressed by Emerson inspired


A) the religious revivals that swept through the Northeast.
B) reform movements that addressed the social ills in society.
C) a market revolution predicated on industrial innovations.
D) utopian societies that concentrated on intellectual discourse.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Compare immigration to the United States in the 1840s and 1850s to the present day. Is there a similarity?


A) Most immigrants in both time periods were from Mexico.
B) In both centuries, immigrants' primary motive was to escape religious persecution.
C) Most immigrants in both centuries sought better economic opportunities.
D) In both time periods, the primary group to arrive in America was children.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Most of the states that joined the Union in the six years immediately following the War of 1812 were located:


A) west of the Mississippi River.
B) in the Old Northwest.
C) west of the Appalachian Mountains.
D) in the Louisiana Purchase territory.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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According to the Mormons, who was God's prophet?


A) Joseph Smith.
B) Charles Grandison Finney.
C) John Jacob Astor.
D) Orestes Brownson.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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The Workingman's Parties would praise what twenty-first-century activity?


A) Technology is used to replace workers in a factory.
B) The president orders strikers to return to work.
C) The federal minimum wage is raised.
D) A company downsizes to bring in more profit.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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In 1829, Lydia Maria Child wrote a popular book called:


A) The Frugal Housewife.
B) The Feminine Mystique.
C) National Mother, Virtuous Wife.
D) Save a Penny for the Family.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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According to John O'Sullivan, the "manifest destiny" of the United States to occupy North America could be traced to:


A) the Treaty of Paris of 1783.
B) a divine mission.
C) the Adams-OnΓ­s Treaty.
D) the Bible.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following was responsible for the first large-scale American factory, which was built in Massachusetts?


A) Henry Clay, whose sponsorship of a protective tariff made the factory economically viable.
B) The cutting off of British imports because of the Embargo of 1807 and the War of 1812.
C) Cyrus McCormick, who built the factory to produce his reaper.
D) The American victory in the War of 1812, which made the United States economically dominant in the Atlantic world.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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In the early decades of the nineteenth century, what helped shape southern Ohio?


A) New England settlers who moved to Ohio.
B) Slaveholders from Kentucky.
C) Migrants from St. Louis.
D) Merchants from northern Ohio.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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In response to the market revolution:


A) the legal system worked with local governments to find better ways to regulate entrepreneurs.
B) Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that legislatures could not alter or rescind charters and contracts that previous legislatures had created.
C) local judges protected businessmen from paying property damages associated with factory construction and from workers seeking to unionize.
D) Massachusetts Chief Justice Lemuel Shaw held in Commonwealth v. Hunt that workers had no right to organize.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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