Question 1

Klaus has schizophrenia and believes that the ketchup dispenser at McDonalds sends him messages every Tuesday.Klaus's belief about this object being particularly special to him is an example of which type of delusion?

Accepted Answer

A)   control
B)   referential
C)   grandiose
D)   identityE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 2

On the surface,schizophrenia and dissociative identity disorder may appear to be almost identical and are often mistaken for each other.
A) Define each disease,using both the type of disorder (emotion,thought,self) and a description of the disease.
B) Identify and explain two ways (two symptoms) that differentiate between schizophrenia and dissociative identity disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) Schizophrenia-disorder of thought in which there is a split between thoughts and emotions;the person has difficulty distinguishing whether altered thoughts,perceptions,or conscious experiences are real versus imagined
Dissociative identity disorder-disorder of self in which there is a disruption of identity,memory,and conscious awareness when two or more distinct identities occur in the same individual
B) Schizophrenia is categorized by delusions,hallucinations,and disorganized speech (positive symptoms).People with dissociative identity disorder may exhibit what appears to be disorganized behavior,but this may just be an alternative identity acting in a way that the primary identity would not normally act.People with dissociative identity disorder also report "amnesia"-missing large chunks of their day.

Question 3

Peter is a clinical psychologist.When determining whether a client's behavior shows psychopathology,he should use all of the following criteria EXCEPT whether the

Accepted Answer

A)   behavior is maladaptive.
B)   client recognizes that he or she has a disorder.
C)   behavior deviates from cultural norms.
D)   person is experiencing distress.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Because Simone works with clients who have anxiety disorders,she knows that the key characteristic of this group of mental disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)   changing moods that are not related to events in the environment.
B)   disorganized thoughts and high physical activation.
C)   feelings of increasing nervousness in the absence of threat.
D)   ongoing problems with interpersonal relationships.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Kelly is studying for her introductory psychology exam and is struggling to learn the personality disorders.Her roommate helps her by explaining that all of the following disorders are part of the anxious cluster (cluster C)  EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   avoidant.
B)   paranoid.
C)   obsessive-compulsive.
D)   dependent.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

Jonah experiences nearly constant anxiety that is not associated with a specific thing.Jonah is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

A)   panic disorder.
B)   obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C)   agoraphobia.
D)   generalized anxiety disorder.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

According to the diathesis-stress model,and based solely on the information provided,which person is most likely to experience a depressed state?

Accepted Answer

A)   Jane,who experienced neglect as a child and has low levels of stress at work
B)   Jaleesa,who had a pleasant childhood but now has high levels of stress at work
C)   Janice,who has a family history of mental illness and was recently laid off from her job
D)   Jennifer,who has no family history of mental illness and was recently laid off from her jobE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Two-year-old Antonina's parents notice that she rarely says any words and has never really made eye contact with them.She is intensely preoccupied with the buttons and zippers on clothing and pays little attention to anything else.Antonina

Accepted Answer

A)   could be diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
B)   will be at higher risk for a motor disorder.
C)   will be at lower risk for intellectual disability.
D)   could be diagnosed with autism.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Carmen believes that she has the amazing power to control the thoughts of her classmates and make them do what she wants.Mandy believes that all her classmates are trying to manipulate her thoughts.Carmen is experiencing ________ delusions,while Mandy is experiencing ________ delusions.

Accepted Answer

A)   grandiose;control
B)   control;grandiose
C)   persecution;control
D)   grandiose;persecutionE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Some people experience significant depressive symptoms only during the winter months,a disorder informally called

Accepted Answer

A)   winter blues syndrome (WBS) .
B)   affective personality disorder (AP
D)  .
C)   cyclical depressive pattern (CDP) .
D)   seasonal affective disorder (SA
D)  .E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

In order to determine whether someone is experiencing psychopathology,there are several criteria to consider.
A) Describe the four main criteria used to assess psychopathology (what questions do we ask to determine "abnormality"?).
B) Imagine that someone is depressed (i.e.,experiencing disordered emotions).For each of the four criteria used to determine abnormality,provide an example of how it is useful in assessing depression (i.e.,an example of when the criteria "works").
C) Some people hold the view that personal suffering should be the only criteria to diagnose disordered behavior.Would this strategy be effective at diagnosing all mental disorders? Explain whether this would work for someone with antisocial personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) (1) Deviate from cultural/societal norms,(2) is maladaptive,(3) causes personal distress or threatens other people,and (4) causes discomfort/concern to others
B) (1) Inability to get out of bed and get dressed each day,inability to express proper emotions (laughing at a funeral);(2) prevents him or her from obtaining and keeping a job,prevents him or her from maintaining positive relationships;(3) people know his or her levels of sadness are extreme and this worry further fuels his or her negative emotions,making him or her feel worse,may threaten harm to himself or herself through suicidal thoughts;and (4) parents,friends,neighbors,and others are concerned about the person,someone is uncomfortable being around the person because he or she is so down all the time
C) No,personal suffering is not the only valid criteria because the symptoms of several mental health disorders (bipolar I,schizophrenia,antisocial personality disorder) may mean that the person does not know he or she has problems or is not bothered by the fact that he or she has problems.For example,someone with antisocial personality disorder does not experience personal suffering because he or she specifically lacks empathy;however,these people often display behavior that goes against societal norms (cheating,lying),is maladaptive (prohibits appropriate emotional responding),and is discomforting to others (people are manipulated and taken advantage of,which likely makes them upset).

Question 12

A woman says the following illogical sentences: "The eagle takes flight at three o'clock and flies here from General Electric.I get my check from the eagle;he goes from the mailbox to make a payment.He is a secret spy for my husband and makes a shotgun sound." Based on what she says,this woman is most likely experiencing ________ and is displaying a ________ symptom.

Accepted Answer

A)   schizophrenia;negative
B)   bipolar I;negative
C)   schizophrenia;positive
D)   bipolar I;positiveE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Ted was diagnosed at age 18 with severe schizophrenia.His functioning has progressively gotten worse since his diagnosis.Compared with people who have more mild cases of schizophrenia,neuroimaging of Ted's brain would likely reveal that he has

Accepted Answer

A)   enlarged temporal lobes.
B)   smaller ventricles.
C)   a reduced amount of brain tissue.
D)   an underactive dopamine system.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

Everything on Floyd's desk is kept in its exact place.He straightens his things each day and gets very upset when something is not put back in its proper place.He does not like to bring work home with him because it means the paperwork is not properly filed when he gets to work the next morning.Based on this,Floyd is likely to be diagnosed with a personality disorder in the ________ cluster.

Accepted Answer

A)   eccentric
B)   dramatic
C)   dissociative
D)   anxiousE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Carl was diagnosed with a communication disorder when he was five.Now in high school,which of the following actions is most likely to be difficult for Carl?

Accepted Answer

A)   completing a math assignment
B)   playing a video game online
C)   discussing homework with a classmate
D)   getting high gradesE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  has been thought to mainly affect white boys.Recently,however,the diagnosis has been applied more broadly to other children.What might be the reason for this willingness to diagnose more kinds of children with ADHD?

Accepted Answer

A)   Since there are more girls and children belonging to minority groups than there are white boys,it stands to reason that more would be diagnosed with ADHD.
B)   More children are obese and overweight now,so the stereotype of the thin or normal weight white boy has become less prevalent.
C)   Practitioners are seeing fewer white boys in their practices,since ADHD is stigmatizing.
D)   Practitioners may be more willing to look past the stereotypical ADHD patient and see the behaviors that characterize the disorder more generally.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Your friend has obsessive-compulsive disorder and you would like to try to understand her disorder better.
A) Describe the components of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B) Discuss the development of this disorder.Specifically,explain how one psychological and one biological factor increase the likelihood that the cycle of obsessive-compulsive disorder behaviors continues.
C) Explain the role of negative reinforcement in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) Obsessions-frequent intrusive anxiety...

Question 18

Which of the following conditions would place you at the greatest risk of developing schizophrenia during your lifetime?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both of your parents have the disorder.
B)   Your fraternal twin has the disorder.
C)   Your spouse has the disorder.
D)   There are generally higher rates of schizophrenia in your culture.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

Juan has extreme difficulty using his math skills when compared with other students his age.However,his performance in other subject areas is above average.If Juan has a neurodevelopmental disorder,he is most likely to be diagnosed with a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   specific learning disorder.
B)   autism spectrum disorder.
C)   intellectual disability.
D)   communication disorder.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

According to your text,in any given year,one in four Americans over age 18 has a psychological disorder.However,there are large differences in which disorders occur more in each sex.
A) Describe one factor (biological,environmental,psychological,sociocultural) that would explain why women are more likely to experience major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders.
B) Describe one factor (biological,environmental,psychological,sociocultural) that would explain why men are more likely to experience antisocial personality disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) Some examples: biological-hormones,prenatal development/nutrition/exposure to certain things;environmental-women are encouraged to express their feelings more,and women have greater stress levels;psychological-women are more likely to have negative thoughts about themselves,and women have a greater tendency to feel negative emotions;sociocultural-women are oppressed in society
B) Some examples: biological-hormones,prenatal development,increased levels of certain neurotransmitters;environmental-men are taught to be more aggressive and ambitious;psychological-men are less sensitive to others' emotional states,and men are more likely motivated by positive emotions (pleasure);sociocultural-men are exposed to aggression and violence to a greater degree than women,and men are more likely to choose professions that encourage manipulation or a lack of empathy

Exam 14: Psychological Disorders

Klaus has schizophrenia and believes that the ketchup dispenser at McDonalds sends him messages every Tuesday.Klaus's belief about this object being particularly special to him is an example of which type of delusion?

Correct Answer
verified

Peter is a clinical psychologist.When determining whether a client's behavior shows psychopathology,he should use all of the following criteria EXCEPT whether the

Correct Answer
verified

Because Simone works with clients who have anxiety disorders,she knows that the key characteristic of this group of mental disorder is

Correct Answer
verified

Kelly is studying for her introductory psychology exam and is struggling to learn the personality disorders.Her roommate helps her by explaining that all of the following disorders are part of the anxious cluster (cluster C) EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Jonah experiences nearly constant anxiety that is not associated with a specific thing.Jonah is most likely to be diagnosed with

Correct Answer
verified

According to the diathesis-stress model,and based solely on the information provided,which person is most likely to experience a depressed state?

Correct Answer
verified

Two-year-old Antonina's parents notice that she rarely says any words and has never really made eye contact with them.She is intensely preoccupied with the buttons and zippers on clothing and pays little attention to anything else.Antonina

Correct Answer
verified

Carmen believes that she has the amazing power to control the thoughts of her classmates and make them do what she wants.Mandy believes that all her classmates are trying to manipulate her thoughts.Carmen is experiencing delusions,while Mandy is experiencing delusions.

Correct Answer
verified

Some people experience significant depressive symptoms only during the winter months,a disorder informally called

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Ted was diagnosed at age 18 with severe schizophrenia.His functioning has progressively gotten worse since his diagnosis.Compared with people who have more mild cases of schizophrenia,neuroimaging of Ted's brain would likely reveal that he has

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Carl was diagnosed with a communication disorder when he was five.Now in high school,which of the following actions is most likely to be difficult for Carl?

Correct Answer
verified

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been thought to mainly affect white boys.Recently,however,the diagnosis has been applied more broadly to other children.What might be the reason for this willingness to diagnose more kinds of children with ADHD?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A) Obsessions-frequent intrusive anxiety...
View Answer

Which of the following conditions would place you at the greatest risk of developing schizophrenia during your lifetime?

Correct Answer
verified

Juan has extreme difficulty using his math skills when compared with other students his age.However,his performance in other subject areas is above average.If Juan has a neurodevelopmental disorder,he is most likely to be diagnosed with a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 14: Psychological Disorders

Klaus has schizophrenia and believes that the ketchup dispenser at McDonalds sends him messages every Tuesday.Klaus's belief about this object being particularly special to him is an example of which type of delusion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peter is a clinical psychologist.When determining whether a client's behavior shows psychopathology,he should use all of the following criteria EXCEPT whether the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because Simone works with clients who have anxiety disorders,she knows that the key characteristic of this group of mental disorder is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kelly is studying for her introductory psychology exam and is struggling to learn the personality disorders.Her roommate helps her by explaining that all of the following disorders are part of the anxious cluster (cluster C) EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jonah experiences nearly constant anxiety that is not associated with a specific thing.Jonah is most likely to be diagnosed with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the diathesis-stress model,and based solely on the information provided,which person is most likely to experience a depressed state?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two-year-old Antonina's parents notice that she rarely says any words and has never really made eye contact with them.She is intensely preoccupied with the buttons and zippers on clothing and pays little attention to anything else.Antonina

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carmen believes that she has the amazing power to control the thoughts of her classmates and make them do what she wants.Mandy believes that all her classmates are trying to manipulate her thoughts.Carmen is experiencing ________ delusions,while Mandy is experiencing ________ delusions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some people experience significant depressive symptoms only during the winter months,a disorder informally called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ted was diagnosed at age 18 with severe schizophrenia.His functioning has progressively gotten worse since his diagnosis.Compared with people who have more mild cases of schizophrenia,neuroimaging of Ted's brain would likely reveal that he has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carl was diagnosed with a communication disorder when he was five.Now in high school,which of the following actions is most likely to be difficult for Carl?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been thought to mainly affect white boys.Recently,however,the diagnosis has been applied more broadly to other children.What might be the reason for this willingness to diagnose more kinds of children with ADHD?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedA) Obsessions-frequent intrusive anxiety...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following conditions would place you at the greatest risk of developing schizophrenia during your lifetime?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Juan has extreme difficulty using his math skills when compared with other students his age.However,his performance in other subject areas is above average.If Juan has a neurodevelopmental disorder,he is most likely to be diagnosed with a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Carmen believes that she has the amazing power to control the thoughts of her classmates and make them do what she wants.Mandy believes that all her classmates are trying to manipulate her thoughts.Carmen is experiencing delusions,while Mandy is experiencing delusions.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A) Obsessions-frequent intrusive anxiety...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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