A) As one of the first states to secede, it became a model for most of the other Confederate states in terms of the composition of its legislature and governorship.
B) Because it was a neutral, slaveholding state, Lincoln was determined to bring it to the Union side to make victory more likely and suppressed all talk of abolition.
C) Although a border state, because the Union had long had a stronger economy, it immediately threw its support to the North and helped guarantee the North would win.
D) Due to its initially neutral status during the war, most Native Americans and immigrants moved there and managed to avoid joining the fray.
E) As the only Confederate state to have outlawed the system of slavery before the start of the war, it represented the future to come for the rest of the Confederate states.
G) B) and C)
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A) A primary motivation behind the Civil War in general was the return of land to Native American tribes, such as the Wampanoag, as they sought to regain their territory in Massachusetts.
B) Thousands of Native Americans fought on either side, including some who supported the Confederates because they, too, had enslaved African Americans.
C) Very few Native American nations joined the fight on either side, as they had already suffered greatly from previous conflicts with white settlers and saw no potential gains from joining the fight.
D) Native American tribes, such as the Huron, only supported the Union side as they sought help in fighting the British to get revenge for previous offenses.
E) Native American tribes occasionally joined the war in support of the Union but remained uninfluenced by regional ties to the South due to widespread opposition to slavery.
G) A) and C)
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A) Whereas the Confederacy passionately argued and fought to maintain the institution of slavery, the United States focused on curbing the future of slavery as the primary basis of the war.
B) Whereas the Confederacy was certain the war would be short and, thus, did not have real goals going in, the Union had defined goals to eliminate slavery out of certainty it would be a long fight.
C) Whereas the Confederacy sought to prove itself in such a way that the United States and other countries would recognize its independence, the United States sought to restore the Union.
D) Whereas the Confederacy fought to expand slavery in the West but substantially decrease it in the South, the United States fought to limit slavery entirely to the South going forward.
E) Whereas the Confederacy sought to use the war to assert its status as the leading region economically, the United States sought to use it as a stimulus to boost its declining economy.
G) A) and B)
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A) Diamondbacks
B) Radical Republicans
C) contrabands
D) Copperheads
E) Democratic Socialists
G) C) and D)
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A) It generated less farm production than the South.
B) It had about the same extent of railroad development as the South.
C) It produced only a small percentage of the nation's manufactures.
D) It had an edge of significantly more potential manpower.
E) It had fewer ships and firearms than the South.
G) B) and C)
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A) Lee took great risks because he knew that he could easily replace the dead and wounded.
B) Grant had chased Lee's troops and put the trapped Confederates under siege.
C) Both sides agreed on a draw because to attack with such uneven odds would be inhumane.
D) Lee received plentiful reinforcements, which caused Grant's forces to retreat.
E) A victory boosted Confederate morale, as it prevented the further loss of supplies.
G) A) and B)
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A) was an African American abolitionist leader who celebrated the Emancipation Proclamation, in contrast to Confederates' predictions of a race war
B) was a Confederate general who surprised the Union army at Chancellorsville but was shot there by his own men
C) founded the American Red Cross and visited the killing fields with medical supplies, ready to go "anywhere between the bullet and the battlefield"
D) was one of the leaders of the Radical Republicans who urged "reconstruction" of the South by having Union armies seize southern plantations
E) accepted the post of Union general despite his better judgment and went on to be replaced by Thomas Hooker
F) was born into slavery but went on to serve as a nurse and operate a school for freed slaves
G) was a general demoted due to insubordination and went on to be the 1864 Democratic candidate against Abraham Lincoln
H) was a War Democrat who supported Lincoln's war policies and went on to become his vice president
I) was a pro-Confederate leader who ordered his followers to destroy Lawrence, Kansas, and engage in a massacre there
J) was the president of the Confederacy and experienced growing discontent directed at him as the war dragged on
L) B) and H)
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A) Because they required a great deal of schooling, professions such as nursing remained limited to men.
B) Confederate women experienced less power, as men increasingly dominated all southern towns in number.
C) Women focused solely on the home because they were forbidden from becoming camp followers.
D) For many American women, the Civil War loosened traditional restraints on female activity.
E) Many women were awarded the Medal of Honor for their brave service in the military.
G) A) and B)
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A) was an African American abolitionist leader who celebrated the Emancipation Proclamation, in contrast to Confederates' predictions of a race war
B) was a Confederate general who surprised the Union army at Chancellorsville but was shot there by his own men
C) founded the American Red Cross and visited the killing fields with medical supplies, ready to go "anywhere between the bullet and the battlefield"
D) was one of the leaders of the Radical Republicans who urged "reconstruction" of the South by having Union armies seize southern plantations
E) accepted the post of Union general despite his better judgment and went on to be replaced by Thomas Hooker
F) was born into slavery but went on to serve as a nurse and operate a school for freed slaves
G) was a general demoted due to insubordination and went on to be the 1864 Democratic candidate against Abraham Lincoln
H) was a War Democrat who supported Lincoln's war policies and went on to become his vice president
I) was a pro-Confederate leader who ordered his followers to destroy Lawrence, Kansas, and engage in a massacre there
J) was the president of the Confederacy and experienced growing discontent directed at him as the war dragged on
L) E) and G)
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A) The Union won a great naval victory that proved to be a terrible setback to the southern economy, giving the Union control of many cotton plantations and liberating tens of thousands of slaves.
B) A Union victory after sending reinforcements to fight General Braxton Bragg's army helped secure Union control of Kentucky for the rest of the war.
C) The Union made a remarkable comeback under Grant's leadership after seeming defeat, but it was the costliest battle Americans had engaged in up to that point.
D) A major Confederate victory ensured that the South would take control of the area east of the Appalachians and that war would now turn to fighting in the West.
E) The Confederates tried out new military tactics that resulted in the lowest number of casualties in any Civil War battle so far.
G) A) and B)
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B) False
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A) The Union won a great naval victory that proved to be a terrible setback to the southern economy, giving the Union control of many cotton plantations and liberating tens of thousands of slaves.
B) A Union victory after sending reinforcements to fight General Braxton Bragg's army helped secure Union control of Kentucky for the rest of the war.
C) The Union made a remarkable comeback under Grant's leadership after seeming defeat, but it was the costliest battle Americans had engaged in up to that point.
D) A major Confederate victory ensured that the South would take control of the area east of the Appalachians and that war would now turn to fighting in the West.
E) The Confederates tried out new military tactics that resulted in the lowest number of casualties in any Civil War battle so far.
G) None of the above
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A) greatly improved relations with Great Britain and the renewed power of the planter class
B) the decreased power of the federal government and the emergence of a Democratic Congress
C) the idea that the Union was indissoluble and the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment
D) Lincoln's belief that freedom was dead, and states' ability to leave the Union remained undecided
E) the eradication of cholera by the Red Cross and the elimination of racism in America
G) A) and D)
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B) False
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A) was an African American abolitionist leader who celebrated the Emancipation Proclamation, in contrast to Confederates' predictions of a race war
B) was a Confederate general who surprised the Union army at Chancellorsville but was shot there by his own men
C) founded the American Red Cross and visited the killing fields with medical supplies, ready to go "anywhere between the bullet and the battlefield"
D) was one of the leaders of the Radical Republicans who urged "reconstruction" of the South by having Union armies seize southern plantations
E) accepted the post of Union general despite his better judgment and went on to be replaced by Thomas Hooker
F) was born into slavery but went on to serve as a nurse and operate a school for freed slaves
G) was a general demoted due to insubordination and went on to be the 1864 Democratic candidate against Abraham Lincoln
H) was a War Democrat who supported Lincoln's war policies and went on to become his vice president
I) was a pro-Confederate leader who ordered his followers to destroy Lawrence, Kansas, and engage in a massacre there
J) was the president of the Confederacy and experienced growing discontent directed at him as the war dragged on
L) B) and D)
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A) The Union won a great naval victory that proved to be a terrible setback to the southern economy, giving the Union control of many cotton plantations and liberating tens of thousands of slaves.
B) A Union victory after sending reinforcements to fight General Braxton Bragg's army helped secure Union control of Kentucky for the rest of the war.
C) The Union made a remarkable comeback under Grant's leadership after seeming defeat, but it was the costliest battle Americans had engaged in up to that point.
D) A major Confederate victory ensured that the South would take control of the area east of the Appalachians and that war would now turn to fighting in the West.
E) The Confederates tried out new military tactics that resulted in the lowest number of casualties in any Civil War battle so far.
G) C) and D)
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B) False
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A) Jefferson Davis was captured.
B) Joseph Johnston led his last attack against Sherman.
C) Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
D) Lee surrendered to Grant.
E) The Confederates shifted to guerrilla warfare.
G) None of the above
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A) Britain; they wrongly assumed Britain would need to continue importing their cotton
B) India; the Indian agricultural system was similar to the South's and could ease wartime shortages
C) South America; their long-term European allies had all sided with the Union
D) Spain; they sympathized with similar Spanish efforts to maintain the system of slavery
E) France; they correctly foresaw that France would always want to do the opposite of Britain
G) A) and B)
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B) False
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